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Infants show a facilitation effect for native language phonetic perception between 6 and 12 months.

Kuhl PK, Stevens E, Hayashi A, Deguchi T, Kiritani S, Iverson P

Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences and Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington 98195, USA. pkkuhl@u.washington.edu

Patterns of developmental change in phonetic perception are critical to theory development. Many previous studies document a decline in nonnative phonetic perception between 6 and 12 months of age. However, much less experimental attention has been paid to developmental change in native-language phonetic perception over the same time period. We hypothesized that language experience in the first year facilitates native-language phonetic performance between 6 and 12 months of age. We tested 6-8- and 10-12-month-old infants in the United States and Japan to examine native and nonnative patterns of developmental change using the American English /r-l/ contrast. The goals of the experiment were to: (a) determine whether facilitation characterizes native-language phonetic change between 6 and 12 months of age, (b) examine the decline previously observed for nonnative contrasts and (c) test directional asymmetries for consonants. The results show a significant increase in performance for the native-language contrast in the first year, a decline in nonnative perception over the same time period, and indicate directional asymmetries that are constant across age and culture. We argue that neural commitment to native-language phonetic properties explains the pattern of developmental change in the first year.

Published 13 February 2006 in Dev Sci, 9(2): F13-F21.
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